Wednesday, March 11, 2020
The Struggle For Individuality Essays - Existentialists, Free Essays
The Struggle For Individuality Essays - Existentialists, Free Essays "The Struggle for Individuality" Richard Wright was a young man of extreme intelligence and openness to speak his mind. Richard?s writings in "Black Boy" are a collection of his alienation, not only from white society, but from his own people. In Richard?s boyhood there was virtually no chance for a personality such as his to develop freely. Everything conspired against personal freedom, not only the white social structure, but the black as well. Richard was treated brutally and tyrannically at home in order to prevent his being treated the same way or worse outside of home and especially in the white society. His family tried to enforce a code of conduct on him, so when in the presence of whites he would not be harmed. The family was trying to convey to Richard that black children must never strive to be more than black children; if they did, not only would they suffer a terrible fate by the white people, but their families would as well. This was a method of limiting one?s individuality, fortunate! for Richard he overcame and aspired to become a great writer. Richard?s struggle for freedom and individuality started at a young age with the brutality from his family and the black society. We see this very early when Richard is beaten, almost to death, by his mother and father for setting the house on fire. On could argue that the beaten was justified, but the extreme method of this beaten can not be justified. It appears that Richard was more afraid of the punishment he would receive from his family, rather then the punishment he would receive from the white people. He shows this when he is fighting with white boys on his way to the grocery store and his mother keeps sending him back to purchase the groceries. "I have the choice of being beaten at home or away from home" (p20) He chose to fight the white boy?s rather then get beaten by his mother, this helped build his individuality. This brutality within the family continued with other members of his family after his mother became ill. This was to ensure that he learn the c! ode of conduct that he should follow towards white people. Richard?s greatest struggles were with Granny and Aunt Addie, as they tried to control his individuality. Richard attends the Seventh-Day Adventist school taught by his Aunt Addie and rebels against its strict rules. While in school he was faulted and punished by his Aunt Addie for throwing walnut shells on the floor, which he had not done. Richard stood by his street gang code of not telling on someone for faults they committed, because of this he was punished again. Richard did not excel in school while his Aunt was his teacher. Once Richard transfers to the public Jim Hill School, he excels academically and gains friends. Richard was finally given up as a lost cause by his family; they expect nothing of him anymore, so he was free to do as he chooses. Richard now is no longer one who struggles against his family in order to win their approval, so he turns his rebellion to the outside. Richard growing awareness of a world outside his own, starts with inquires of his mother on the subject of white people. Richard feels that he may be late in learning to sense white people because he never really thought of them, they just existed. Also, the fact that "?tardiness in learning to sense white people as white people came from the fact that many of my relatives were ?white? looking people" (p27) His mother tries to protect him from seeing his condition for what it is. Richard?s mothers and family?s efforts to make him comply with the standards set by a white society succeed only insofar as Richard could take care of himself. They failed, however, in keeping him unconscious of his own individuality. His inquires continue of black and white people. Richard?s openness of asking questions and making statements to white?s lead to a view of the brutality and rejection of blacks by whites. This restricted the ability of the Negro to strive for individuality. Richard?s home and school life
Monday, February 24, 2020
Reaction paper on the documentary called The corporation Essay
Reaction paper on the documentary called The corporation - Essay Example These are just a few of the mind games businesses use as bait to catch the big fish in a sea of high-potential buying power of consumers today. With this said, understanding what goes into the process of the ââ¬Å"prey-predatorâ⬠in the business kingdom & how the predator uses temptation to blur the lines between ââ¬Å"needsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"wantsâ⬠is crucial for everyone as consumers to know when to take a bite and when to commit to a non-indulgent fast. The Corporation documentary written by Joel Bakan and directed by Mark Achbar and Jennifer Abbott shows they are up to one thing in producing this material ââ¬â to breach into the politics of the pursuit of power and profit of businesses today. First of the points this documentary has tackled that is worthy of notice would be the difference in the business environment before and today. In the past, all that a business would pursue would be to breakeven from the cost of operating the business and earning beyond that was considered a bonus. However, contemporary businesses today, I believe spend half the time minding their own business and the other half monitoring their competitorsââ¬â¢ moves and constantly on the lookout for events that they could use to benefit them. Just like dirty politics as we call it, there are a lot of hidden secrets to the success and downfall of business tycoons. Some of the well-kept secrets that have been revealed by this documentary would be the reality of the bargaining activities of corporations to fight for their rights that human beings alike enjoy, the business hoax against the United States President Franklin Roosevelt, the suppression of a news-worthy story of a television station so they could protect certain parties affiliated to them, and the most trivial among all would be the alleged involvement of IBM in the historical Nazi holocaust that destroyed so many lives (Bakan, J.). Indeed, what can be a matter of just being provided quality products and s ervices for consumers like us could come from controversial undertakings waiting to be avenged. The second point that awakened my cognizance was when the writer of the documentary tagged corporations today as either being a person or a psychopath (Bakan, J.). It was for me automatic to comprehend how corporations are so much like people. They have rights to intellectual property, tangible properties, properties that are backed up by contracts and trusts which a company could always fight for to propel a peaceful and at the same time speedy development of their business. Aside from that, just like people, corporations have certain needs that would smoothly fit Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy ââ¬â Physiological needs that pertains to legal documents, capital, manpower, & goods needed before they could start operating the business; Safety from market-reach-devouring competitors; The need for belongingness in a certain business category, being fully equipped for competition; Achieving utm ost self-esteem by being top of mind of not only oneââ¬â¢s chosen target market but including those that are not; And lastly, the highest would be self-actualization where competitorsââ¬â¢ moves does not directly affect oneââ¬â¢s business performance anymore. However, what is naked to consumersââ¬â¢ eyes would be when corporations start being a psychopath. This could be
Friday, February 7, 2020
Undrerstanding & organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Undrerstanding & organisation - Essay Example The existing structure gave a considerable amount of autonomy to the personnel at the operational level to make decisions, whilst each member of staff, depending on their area of expertise, had the power to veto any decisions made by the rest of the personnel. The changes were proposed by the then deputy chair and managing director of the supermarket chain Sainsburyââ¬â¢s, who famously claimed that the NHS was devoid of management that can make firm decisions and not always resort to consultation with doctors or senior clinical staff, as was prevalent due to the consensus management style.The following is an analysis of the NHS case with regards to the changes brought about in the general structure of the organisation with the introduction of the concept of general management to exercise control and coordination of activities, as opposed to the consensus management style that existed prior to the changes. The existing structure gave a considerable amount of autonomy to the personn el at the operational level to make decisions, whilst each member of staff, depending on their area of expertise, had the power to veto any decisions made by the rest of the personnel. This was referred to as a ââ¬Ëlowest common denominatorââ¬â¢ style of decision making. Griffith, however, proposed a more management oriented structure, where line managers would be introduced for each unit or hospital, and these managers will carry the sole responsibility of making decisions, applying control measures especially where finances are concerned, and overall coordination of activities within the guidelines provided to achieve strategic objectives. Understanding the environmental circumstances which prompted the need for such changes in a nationalised organisation would provide more insight as to why such measures were necessary, and what these changes have implied for the organisation over the years. One method to study the environment is the PEST analysis, which stands for an under standing of the Political, Economical, Sociological and Technological aspects of the market environment (Johnson et al, 2008; Kotler et al, 2006). The political, economical, and sociological aspects in relation to the NHS case are quite intertwined, as this was a period when Britain was undergoing many changes as a result of the economic recession that started in the preceding years, and the young conservative government under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher was in the process of making many difficult decisions to turn the economy around and to reduce unemployment that hit the three million mark during this time. In addition to this, the Falkland war, albeit won the British publicââ¬â¢s admiration of the Thatcher government, resulted in additional expenditure, along with added burden of sustaining existing nationalised businesses, which meant increase in taxes and the resultant inflation. This has caused the government to take stringent measures where financing was concerned specifically for nationalised organisations like the NHS. The government also fully or partly privatised many other initially nationalised organisations to extend some of the burdens to more profitable private entities. It could be that pure observation of how, many private firms have operated profitably during the economic recession, by employing measures of cutting costs, dissolving unwanted business operations, removing redundant personnel etc may have motivated the government to employ similar measures in the nationalised businesses. This seems fitting to the fact that the opinions of an executive from a supermarket chain were taken aboard, and then implemented as in the case of the NHS. The aim, however, was to include a certain degree of competitiveness within nationalised organisations in relation to other organisations in the market, which may result in profitability and expansion, and ultimately creation of new jobs (http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,920566-3 ,00.html). Another political factor playing an important role during this period was the influx of immigrants despite the governmentââ¬â¢s best efforts to curb it. Margaret Thatcherââ¬â¢s government was faced with problems related to incoming immigrants from Asian Commonwealth countries like India and Pakistan, and refugees from other regions, and measures had to be
Wednesday, January 29, 2020
The major purposes of financial statements Essay Example for Free
The major purposes of financial statements Essay The major purpose of financial statement is to provide an overview of the companyââ¬â¢s overall performance of the companyââ¬â¢s operations and also assess the companyââ¬â¢s worth during the year. Financial statement not only assists the financial managers but also the outsiders like creditors, stockholders etc. After reviewing the financial statements of the company all the stakeholders assess the company growth, investment opportunity ,dividend profile etc after that note all the stakeholders made appropriate decisions regarding the firmââ¬â¢s futureââ¬â¢s perspective. . Financial statements are also helpful in submitting the tax return of the year (Besley, Brigham, 2001). In basic terms financial statement is comprises on Profit Loss Statement, Balance Sheet, and on Statement of cash flows. There could be several reasons which signify the fact that it is gravely essential for one to understand the business or the industry in order to understand the financial statements better. Some of them may be: 2. The type of information financial statements provides. There are mainly three types of information is available in Profit Loss Statement, Balance Sheet, and Statement of cash flows. All the statements have own importance. Profit Loss Statement debates over the companyââ¬â¢s revenue generation power, cost behavior and structure and in the end on Net Income. The balance sheet provides an overview regarding the companyââ¬â¢s financial position. In the same time the balance sheet also discussed about the companyââ¬â¢s assets, liabilities and owners equity. Cash flow statement discussed over the companyââ¬â¢s operating, investing and financing activities during the year. It also discussed on the in flow and outflow of the cash and also on the cash equivalents. 3. The limitations of financial statements. The limitations of financial statements are stated below: â⬠¢ Financial statements are debates over the historical facts they canââ¬â¢t address the trends like inflation, growth rates etc (Erich A. Helfert, 2001). â⬠¢ The qualitative factors are not evaluated in the financial statements and often neglected because no organization discussed the qualitative factors in the monetary terms. Like reputation of the company, employees performance etc (Erich A. Helfert, 2001). â⬠¢ It is the reality that out dated information of the companyââ¬â¢s financial profile is not worthy especially when the companyââ¬â¢s management is willing to take more debt from bank (Garrison, 2004). â⬠¢ Whenever the financial statements are presented with out the notes then all the reported figures are picture less. 4. The outside factors upon which the conclusions drawn from these statements are reliant. The most relying outside factors that makes an impression on the financial statements are stated below: â⬠¢ Frequently changes in the tax percentages make an impact on the firmââ¬â¢s net income, dividend, EPS, ownerââ¬â¢s equity, stock price, etc (Besley, Brigham, 2001). â⬠¢ Governmentââ¬â¢s regulation on any appropriate business slight distorts the financial statements of the company (Besley, Brigham, 2001). â⬠¢ Events happening after balance sheet dates like case filed in the court of law make a negative impact on the reported figures of the company (Garrison, 2004). â⬠¢ Fluctuation the interest rate percentage makes an impression on the interest expense of the company and also on the prices of the bonds. 5. How items in common-size statements are presented. In order to create common size statements we express it in the form of percentages rather than dollar amounts. It is easier to understand that we take the differences of amounts year by year and divided that difference amount with the total amount. Letââ¬â¢s assume: 2008 2007 Difference increase/ (decrease) Cash $150,000 $100,000 $50,000 And Total Assets is $500,000. Then Difference Amount/Total Assets x 100 50,000/500,000 x 100 10%. Means there is an increment of 10% is reviewed from the year 2007 to 2008. 6. How ratios in ratio analysis are computed and used. The formula of some important ratios is stated below: â⬠¢ Average collection period (in times) = Net Credit sales / Average debtors â⬠¢ Inventory turnover (in times) = Cost of goods Sold / Average Stock â⬠¢ Current Ratio = (Current Assets / Current Liabilities) â⬠¢ Total Debt Ratio = (Total Liabilities / Total Assets) â⬠¢ Return on Equity = (Net Income / Average Equity) â⬠¢ Return on Assets = (Net Income / Average Total Assets) The uses of ratios are sated below: â⬠¢ Dividend yield which expressed as a rate of return on the market price of the stock. â⬠¢ Interest coverage ratio shows the debt servicing ability and capability of a company and also indicator of a companyââ¬â¢s ability to meet its interest payment obligations (Myers, Brealey and Marcus, 2001). â⬠¢ Debt ratio shows the percentage of total asset financed by debt, from a creditor / bankââ¬â¢s view point, the lower debt ratio gives a positive signal to the creditor. â⬠¢ Current ratio also suggest the firms liquidity position lower current ratio gives alarming and negative signal to the creditor that firm is financial crises and on the edge of financial crunch (Myers, Brealey and Marcus, 2001). 7. Why most financial analysts prefer ratio analysis to common-size statements. It is quite easy to assess the financial performance of the company at a glance. It is the shortest way to get an appropriate result. Moreover, common size statement is slightly tenacious and complicated to examine the different accounting heads (Erich A. Helfert, 2001). Reference Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. (2001). Principles of Finance. Florida: Harcourt College Publishers. Brealey, Richard A. , Stewart C. Myers, Alan J. Marcus, (2001). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. New York. McGraw Hill Helfert, Erich A. (2001). Financial Analysis Tools and Techniques: A Guide For Managers. McGraw-Hill. Noreen, Eric W. , Peter C. Brewer, Ray H. Garrison. Managerial Accounting. 11. 2004.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Theories of Aggression Essays -- Biology Essays Research Papers
Theories of Aggression "Two Gunman at Colorado School Reportedly Kill Up to 23 Before Dying in a Siege." On Tuesday, April 20, 1999, two students, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, of Columbine High School, shocked the nation when they entered the school armed with guns and explosives, killing fellow students and a teacher before taking their own lives. Stories of random violence and aggression such as this all too often plague the media. While the attention of the nation has recently been focused on the Colorado slayings, history reveals countless other similar crimes of aggression targeted towards innocent individuals. In both Nazi Germany and the more recent Bosnia conflict, ethnic cleansing has been used to violently eliminate certain races. In the early 1990s, Timothy McVegh's vengeful intentions led him to use a car bomb to kill hundreds of innocent people in the explosion of the Oklahoma City Federal Building. In these cases, the culprits were seemingly normal people that displaced their aggression on innocent bystanders for a variety of reasons. What is the cause of this unleashed aggression toward society? How can we come to explain such acts of aggression and violence? Are they a result of societal influences, or are some individuals biologically predisposed to crime? This paper attempts to analyze some of the prevailing theories of aggression. The theories can be classified into three groups: innate or biological theories, drive theories and social learning theories. In light of the evidence produced for each, it is my goal to formulate a conclusion about which particular theory seems most substantiated and reasonable. Sigmund Freud is well known as the father of psychoanalysis. In his early theory, Freud ass... ...h murders and violence, we must regard aggression as a summated response to many factors. Individually, the factors probably are harmless, but when united, they can be unleashed as aggression in which case terrible crimes take the lives of so many innocent people. WWW Sources 1)Freud's Theory http://home.fgi.net/~freud/index.htm 2)Freud Biography http://werple.net.au/~gaffcam/phil/psych1.htm 3)Instinct Theory http://www.student.richmond.edu/~efecteau/instinct.html 4)Aggression Theories http://rock.uwc.edu/psych/psy330/outlines/aggression.htm 5)Theories of Aggression http://www.unn.ac.uk/academic/ss/psychology/resource/it/1/HAZ.HTM 6) The Theoretical Development of Aggression http://academic.csub.edu/~lvega/dustin2.html 7) Aggression and Violence: Examining the Theories http://www.nursing-standard.co.uk/vol12-27/research.htm
Monday, January 13, 2020
PostQuick Computing project Essay
I designed my project on visual basics 6. 0, and the benefit I found in Visual Basics as compared to other software was that Visual Basics is user friendly. Anyone can use it by clicking certain buttons, and on the other hand other software packages such as Microsoft Access and Microsoft Excel require a bit of knowledge before using them. To make my own project using visual basics, I first designed my form on the paper, which gave me a rough idea about how my project form would look like. This is also attached with my documentation. I designed my project by prototyping, and made my form using these things à A set of screen that shows the user what might be possible à A system with limited functionality An existing system that might be modified For my human-computer interface (HCI), I used graphical user Interface (GUI) which is used in Microsoft windows . My form had certain buttons which could be used by clicking the mouse and some text boxes in which data was entered using keyboard. I think that the advantage of this type of interface is this that It is easy to use à In my form no one needs special instruction The disadvantage of GUI is à It uses a lot of processing power à It requires good graphical display à It uses a lot of processing power à It uses a lot of memory and disk space 3. Method of Data Entry, including Validation As said before that my form had certain buttons and these buttons could be used by clicking the mouse and some text boxes in which data was entered using keyboard. I declared each data type with certain specific data type, and checked that if I entered wrong data type then it would not work. The method of data entry is also shown in implementation. The program contains three forms. The main form, which is named input form, is the start-up form. This is the data entry form for all the data, which is entered for a particular assignment. The method of entering data is as follows. Consignment No: These are self-generated. Numbers, its enabled property is false. User has no control on entering its data. Customer Name destination and client address will be entered in respective columns. Afterwards the information of the first parcel of the consignment will be filled (i. e. the whole form will be filled). If there are more then one parcel required to be entered for the same consignment then add new parcel button is pressed for the parcel, and after each parcel entry of the consignmentâ⬠data entry completeâ⬠button will be pressed For a separate consignmentâ⬠new consignment button ââ¬Å"is required to be pressed. It was part of validation of the project that, the minimum weight of the parcel should not be less then 1 kg. If it does then the message box would appear saying that too less weight in the parcel. Second validation was that the weight of the parcels should not exceed 30 kg, if it does then the message box would appear saying, too much weight of the parcelâ⬠The third Validation was that the maximum dimension of the parcel i. e. (length + breadth + height) must not exceed 3 m, if it does then the message box would appear saying ââ¬Å"too big Parcel to sendâ⬠. The fourth validation was that the maximum weight of consignment must not exceed 200 kg, if it does then the message box would appear sayingâ⬠too much weight of the consignmentâ⬠4. Record structure, file organisation and processing:- The file for the database of the consignments for the Parcel Company is saved as a record structure and saved only for the consignments for one day. It includes the data and information required for the parcels in consignments. It is a record file so it cannot be changed, but the database is changed everyday because each day different consignments are sent to the Parcel Company. The database is linked with Visual basics form, and the file of database is stored as a Microsoft access file. For the backup the file is saved in the floppy so if the actual program in the processor is altered, we can bring back the old one. There are four files that I used for my project one was the form file, named as input parcel, and two forms were for the price list, the Access file linked to database, named as, payslip database which has two databases linked to each other. The actual processing carried out by the program is arithmetic operation, in other words calculation is being carried out, but the bigger companies can use CLOCK SYSTEM, which would be more economical for them. 5. Security and integration of Data Security is the most important thing, because if your data is not secured properly from unauthorised hands then anyone could change your data and could change your project; I therefore kept the project under a password So no one could change or alter my project. If someone did change my database then I could use my backup to restore it from the floppy in which Iââ¬â¢ve kept the backup file so if the actual program in the processor is altered, we can bring back the old one. I also protected my data, by using the menu button in the visual basics. If you go to the text box, u click on it and then click text box protect enable force and in this way I can protect my text. I also made sure that when data is entered it is entered accurately and I checked that when I was entering data, no one enters anything. 6. System design:- For documenting my project I used System flow charts-It describes the flow of data around the system. This method uses rectangle to denote some process that takes place, as descriptive symbols to describe the storage or input/output of data. An arrow describes the direction of flow of the data. à Structure diagrams-These are a mean of showing the design of a program or a systemic consists of charts showing the system or programs broken down into number of levels. * Hierarchy charts-these can be used to show menu hierarchy or a directory hierarchy Data model:- A data model represents the relationship between different parts of a database. It consists of entities (data items) and relationship. The entities are shown as rectangles and the relationship are drawn as lines that connect entities. System Flow Chart (describing the flow of data around the system) Parcelquick Company Aqsa Bano Raja 12 s Postquick Structure Diagram The hierarchy Hierarchy diagram 7. Implementation The project that I have made for PostQuick Company can be implemented either as a whole or in parts. The problem maybe that an organisation cannot change instantly to a new method of working as existing records will have to be entered into computer and this may take some time. There are two main approaches to this à Implement the system department by department à Dual run the new system alongside the old system The two databases below are linked to Visual basics6. 0 forms 8. Testing Length,width,height,weight Test Results Right/wrong.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
The Public Memory Of The American Revolution - 1367 Words
The public memory of the American Revolution is filled with men, and dates that have lived in our history since the establishment of the United States of America. Men such as George Washington whose image lives on our most used currency the one dollar bill and the quarter. Dates such as July 4th Independence Day which the country celebrates with massive festivals every year. How then do people like Crispus Attucks, Haym Salomon, Nathan Hale, and George Hewes become part of the public memory for the American Revolution? These men were alive and did participate in the American Revolution but they have not always been remembered. Why over time have we choose to remember these men? When looking farther into why we remember and why are there certain times we decide to remember some key themes emerge. The main theme that is expressed in the articles regarding these men is that there remembrance is usually at a time when there needs to be unification of the country. 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